YourRMD

A working reference for people who process retirement plan distributions.

Required Beginning Date: April 1 of which year?

1 April of the year following the year the applicable age is reached. Not 1 April of that year — a distinction that quietly breaks a lot of software.

Date of birthApplicable ageReaches it inRequired Beginning Date
15 June 19537320261 April 2027
1 February 19517320241 April 2025
9 August 19607520351 April 2036

Why the off-by-one matters more than it looks

For a living participant, getting this wrong only mislabels a date. For a deceased participant it changes everything, because "died before the RBD" versus "died on or after the RBD" is the single branch that determines the entire beneficiary rule set — whether annual RMDs are required, whether the 5-year or 10-year rule applies, and which life expectancy is used.

A participant who turns 73 in 2026 and dies in December 2026 died before their RBD, even though they were past the applicable age all year. Software that places the RBD in 2026 will classify that death as post-RBD and produce a materially different schedule.

The two-RMD year

The first distribution year is the year the applicable age is reached, but payment can be deferred to the RBD. Defer, and two RMDs fall in the following calendar year: the deferred first-year amount by 1 April, and the second-year amount by 31 December. Both are taxable in that year.

For a participant near a bracket threshold, an IRMAA cliff, or a Social Security taxability threshold, taking the first RMD by 31 December of the first year is often the better outcome. The deferral is an option, not an instruction.

When retirement moves the date

For employer plans only, a participant who is not a 5% owner may defer the RBD to 1 April following the year they actually retire. That is the still-working exception, and it has conditions worth checking.

Check a real case. The calculator applies every rule on this page — SECURE 2.0 applicable ages, the before/after-RBD test, EDB classification and the 2024 final regulations.

Open the RMD calculator

Estimates and general information only. This page summarises rules under IRC §401(a)(9) and the regulations thereunder. It is not legal or tax advice and does not cover every fact pattern. Verify anything consequential against the regulations or with a qualified adviser.